Do government agencies such as NASA and DoD have a preference for high cost programs?
 

Having read both the Easterbrook and London references that Mr. Schnitt cites, I have to agree that the U.S. government has failed to make any significant headway toward truly low cost space programs, especially in the realm of launchers. Rather than subscribing to some kind of conspiracy theory, I just think that a lot of inertia, built up in the previous 30 years of programs like Apollo, Shuttle, and Space Station, makes it difficult to adopt new design criteria overnight. It may be many years before NASA can say that its programs are, for the most part, designed to cost. In the interest of speedy progress, I would advocate a "spreading of the space dollar" to other agencies that could create space programs without 30 years of NASA baggage dictating design criteria. For example, suppose the Dept. of the Interior were funded to create an earth resource monitoring system. Results might be much quicker and more useful than what is going on with NASA's mission to planet earth.
- Joshua Cohen
- New Space

Looks great Arthur. Keep up the good work!!
- Chris Largent
- CSUN
 

I see that Joshua Cohen objects to “subscribing to some kind of conspiracy theory” on the part of the aerospace industry in not reducing costs, but rather attributes it to “inertia” resulting from 30 years of experience that “makes it difficult to adopt new criteria overnight.” Well, Mr Cohen, let me disillusion you. As far back as the early sixties, when the aerospace industry was relatively minuscule, MCD was rejected because “too many programs were set in concrete.” As time went on, there were more programs but more concrete. Obviously, that was not the issue and is not the issue today. There are no agencies questioning the government trough worth billions of dollars from which the “iron triangle” (not my term) feeds. How knowledgeable has Congress been about the issue? Permit me give you one, documented example. On July 8, 1989, Sen John Glenn was interviewed by John McLaughlin on the “One on One” PBS (TV) Program. In answer to the question, “Isn’t this the age of the big dumb booster?” Sen Glenn replied, “No. We based our space launch vehicles on our ICBMs......which were based on high technology.......which the Soviets do not have....” In the subsequent discussions Sen Glenn promoted the Space Station. When John McLaughlin brought up the age of the big dumb booster again, Sen Glenn avoided discussing it further.
- Arthur Schnitt
- Consultant
 

Thanks Chris. Keep up with your studies.
- Arhur Schnitt
- Consultant

Just an update on the paper "Proposed Minimum Cost Space Launch Vehicle System" by A. Schnitt and Col F.W. Kniss, July 1968. This paper is not available from The Aerospace Corporation anymore. Instead they direct you to the Defence Technical Information Center (DTIC 1-800-CAL-DTIC; 225-3842). The ordering number is AD395911. The Cost is $6.00
- Scott Pearson

Conspirecy may be a strong word, but it probably fits the bill. There has been case after case all through the government and big business of this type thing going on. It comes down to this, If its not your money, you tend to spend it rather freely!!!! After being a consultant for a few years, I have been shocked at what companies will spend their money on, when they could have spent a fraction of the amount and done the job themselves............. It appears that American Aerospace companies do not want routine access to space because routine leads to mass production, which leads to competion and lower margins. R & D and limited production for a contractor means high margins and big profits. Since corporations tend to only look at Quarter to Quarter numbers 'routine' does not add to the bottom line, so they have very little interest.
- Scott Pearson
 

Scott Pearson: This pertains to your first comment. Before I listed the report in a Column, “Proposed Minimum Cost Space Launch Vehicle,” I checked with the Aerospace Library to learn of its availability. I was told that a written request for a copy would be directed to the Air Force for their approval. Approval time would take about 30 days. There would be no charge for the report. It seems that Aerospace decided not to supply free copies anymore. Sorry for the inconvenience. Other readers interested in obtaining copies will appreciate learning of your experience. Thanks. This pertains to your second comment. Gregg Easterbrook and Col London laid out the whole story, told of all the work performed by industry and NASA in checking my work, and talked about the political and economic forces involved, and nothing happened. I concur with all you say. I plan to tell of some of my own experiences with agencies of the government in the Fall. Although we are in dire need of SLV’s to launch the many commercial satellites that are being planned (and also could reduce the cost of the satellites as well) the return on the investment is so great that again there is little interest in saving money on a new breed of low-cost SLVs.
- Arthur Schnitt
- Consultant
 

Apparently I spoke to soon when I earlier wrote that the DTIC would provide a copy of the Mr. Schinett's report....... Later in the day after I ordered it, I received a phone call informing me that since I was not a government employee or an employee of a government subcontractor, I could not have a copy. I even tried to use the phrase "Freedom of Information Act", but to no avail. I believe earlier we were speaking of conspiracy.........Hum...........
- Scott Pearson
 

Scott Pearson: Am sorry to hear that you are unable to obtain a copy of my (Aerospace/Air Force) report. I do not have the fortitude to argue with the DTIC at this time. However, if you or others wish to do so, you might tell them that the first unclassified and unrestricted disclosure of the MCD criteria and the Aerospace/Air Force MCD/SLV design was made at the SYMPOSIUM OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF ASRONAUTICS DURING the XXIV INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL CONGRESS held in Baku, the Soviet Union, on October 1973, by Gerry W. Elverum, Jr. of TRW, the inventor of the LEMDE engine that so completely meshed with the MCD criteria and the resulting design concepts. The title of the paper was “SCALE UP TO KEEP MISSION COSTS DOWN.” Remember: TRW had complete access to my work, and they also conducted a study of the MCD criteria and an MCD/SLV design for NASA that was published in 1969. The Aerospace/Air Force report was not declassified until about 1980. Moreover, Col London’s report is a complete synopsis of the MCD criteria and all of the applicable work performed by industry under Air Force, NASA, and in-house sponsorship––a most informative contribution. If you are particularly interested in applied Calculus you may find my report of value; otherwise, most everything is available in unclassified and unrestricted literature.
- Arthur Schnitt
- Consultant
 

Mr. Schnitt, I have gotten a copy of the NEWSWEEK article "Big Dumb Rockets". I must say OUTSTANDING!!! This should be required reading for anyone studing space policy. It's also nice to be able to put a face to someone I have read about and E-mailed..... I have also gotten a copy of "Leo on the Cheap", also OUTSTANDING!!!...... One item I noticed that was missing in the report was any mention of OTRAG. This is or was a German company formed in the 70's that had a rocket based on MCD. One difference that stands out was they had all 3 stages essentially of the same design and used small engines, which I would say would not make the most cost effective rocket but may allow a company to get in the business with the lowest up-front cost. The last I heard was the company had gotten into political problems since they were dealing with several 3rd world countries as well as some type of German cruise missle scandal. Mr. Schnitt have you ever heard of this company and if so, what do you think of their design. If not, I would be happy to give you all of the information that I have............... Looking forward to your September writings. Thanks Scott
- Scott Pearson 


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